granat

granat = pomegranate in Polish

The word “granat” has four meanings in Polish language.

First meaning is not a surprise. It is a fruit of Punica granatum, red globules with seeds contained in a hard reddish skin. In many languages that word originates in the Latin “grana” (grains, seeds) > “granatus” (having many grains or seeds, grainy) > “pomum granatum” (fruit having many grains or seeds), also “malum granatum” (apple having many grains or seeds) > “granatum” (pomegranate).
grenade in French
granāts in Latvian
granatas in Lithuanian
granat in Polish
гранат {granat} in Russian
granada in Spanish
гранат {hranat} in Ukrainian
But it is also worth to mention that most of languages left “fruit” or “apple” in the name.
pomegranate in English (pomum = fruit in Latin)
granátove jablko in Czech & Slovak (jablko = apple)
granatæble in Danish (æble = apple)
granaatappel in Dutch (appel = apple)
granaattiomena in Finnish (omena = apple)
Granatapfel in German (Apfel = apple)
melagrana in Italian (mela = apple)
pomagránait, gránúll in Irish (poma from pomum = fruit in Latin, úll = apple)
granatno jabolko in Slovene (jabolko = apple)
grawnafal, pomgranad in Welsh (afal = apple, pom from pomum = fruit in Latin)

Second meaning is also not surprising. It means “granade”. It is of the same origin and used in many languages.
граната {hranata} in Belarusian & Ukrainian
граната {granata} in Bulgarian, Russian & Serbian
granada in Catalan, Portuguese & Spanish
granata in Croatian & Slovene
granát in Czech & Slovak
granat in Danish & Polish
granaat in Dutch
kranaatti in Finnish
grenade in French
Granate in German
gránáid in Irish

The third meaning is still no surprise. It is a hard transparent mineral. The word, like in many other languages, is related with a fruit and a explosive device.
гранат {granat} in Bulgarian & Russian
granat in Catalan, Polish, Romanian & Swedish
granát in Czech & Slovak
granaat in Dutch
granaatti in Finnish
grenat in French
Granat in German
gairnéad in Irish
granato, granata in Italian
granada in Portuguese
granate in Spanish
garned in Welsh

But the fourth meaning is weird. In Polish “granat” (as a noun) and “granatowy” (as an adjective) means also “navy blue” so dark blue (sic!) colour.
It may be explained by the fact that in Old Polish, “granatowy” meant dark red, dark violet and dark blue colours and that would match the colour af pomegranates but later on just the dark blue was retained.

Photo by @lukaszdaciuk (Instagram)

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